T (axillary) – 36.0, RR- 78, HR- 166, and the infant is alert, irritable, and does not console easily. The infant is constantly moving and sucking vigorously on the pacifier. What do you think is occurring with the infant? What lab test can be ordered to confirm your suspected diagnosis? What interventions can be implemented to treat this infant?

Discussion Module No. 05: maternal and child health

Based on the provided information, it is likely that the infant is experiencing withdrawal symptoms from opioids, given the mother’s history of opioid addiction during her previous pregnancy. These symptoms are all common indicators of the neonatal withdrawal syndrome, which is caused by an infant being exposed to opioids during pregnancy and then experiencing withdrawals after birth.

In order to confirm the suspicion, an infant’s urine can be tested for opioids. Additionally, a blood test to assess the infant’s liver and kidney function may be ordered to monitor any potential damage caused by the opioids.

Interventions to treat the infant’s NAS may include non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Swaddling, dimly-lit and quiet environments, using a pacifier, or swaddling your infant are all non-pharmacological approaches. Breastfeeding can also be encouraged as a way to bond with the baby and comfort him.

Some medications, such as morphine and methadone, can be used to alleviate withdrawal symptoms. The medications must be closely monitored by a health care provider to prevent respiratory depression or oversedation.

Overall, it is essential to closely monitor the infant’s vital signs, behavior, and feeding patterns and provide supportive care to ensure the infant’s comfort and well-being. To prevent further exposure to opioids, it is important that the mother receives appropriate resources and support for treatment of substance abuse disorders.