In any research that involves human subjects, you must take steps to safeguard those individuals while still obtaining the required data. In this instance the researcher addressed the protection of human subjects by obtaining informed consent from all participants prior to collecting any data; ensuring anonymity/confidentiality was maintained throughout the study; informing participants about potential risks associated with participating in such research and offering appropriate support services if needed.
Moreover, we also took into consideration cultural factors as each population may hold different beliefs and values which should be considered when designing a study or interpreting the results. It could be as simple as being aware of the language you use when discussing certain subjects; including feedback from local community members during planning; and using respect when dealing with minorities.