discuss the relationship of the disease process to the immune system. 

Breast cancer occurs when cells grow uncontrollably in breast tissue. It can progress to spread into other areas of the body. Breast cancer is a disease that can be influenced by the immune system. Through various mechanisms like activation of natural killer and T cells as well as cytokines, the immune system recognizes and destroys abnormal cells. This includes cancer cells. Cancer cells, however, can learn to avoid the immune system. This allows them to multiply and infect other tissues. Breast cancer tumor cells may produce cytokines which suppress the immune response, thus causing immunosuppression, which facilitates growth of tumors and their metastasis.

A combination of physical examinations, imaging studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, mammography and ultrasound, along with tissue biopsies for histological evaluation, is usually used to diagnose breast cancer. Breast cancer treatment options vary according to the type and stage of tumor. Breast cancer treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy. Early-stage breast tumors are treated with surgery. This involves removing the cancerous tissue and tumour. Radiation therapy can be used to eliminate cancer cells which may still remain following surgery. Systemic cancer treatments include chemotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy.

National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020) states that the standard of care in breast cancer involves a multidisciplinary treatment approach, including surgery, systemic therapy and radiation therapy. The treatment decisions made are based upon several factors including the tumor stage, its size and grade, as well as hormone receptor status. It has been demonstrated that adjuvant treatment (including chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or targeted therapy) improves survival and lowers the risk for recurrence among patients with breast carcinoma.

In designing a patient education session for someone with breast cancer, a master’s prepared nurse should provide information on the pathophysiology of the disease, including signs and symptoms, diagnostic testing, and treatment options. She should emphasize the importance early detection, through breast examinations and mammography. Patient should be informed about possible side effects, including nausea, fatigue and hair loss. Nurses should provide resources and emotional support to help patients cope with diagnosis and treatment.

In this case, the most significant information is that early detection of breast cancer and a multidisciplinary treatment approach are important. Regular mammography and breast examinations can help improve prognoses and expand treatment options. Multidisciplinary treatment involving systemic, radiotherapy, and surgery has shown to increase survival rates and decrease the chance of breast cancer recurring.

In this situation, the most challenging or confusing information may have been the complex treatment options as well as the possible side effects. Treatment of breast cancer involves a multidisciplinary treatment approach, which may include radiation therapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy. Every treatment has potential side effects and some patients require multiple treatments.

The risk of infection is a safety concern that patients with breast cancer can address. The suppression of immune systems in patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation treatment increases their risk for infection. The master’s prepared nurse should educate the patient on the signs and symptoms of infection and the importance of hand hygiene, proper nutrition, and avoiding contact with sick individuals.

Breast cancer involves a complex immune-mediated disease and requires multidisciplinary treatment. Treatment modalities that are based on current evidence