OFAAT focuses on the identification of cause-effect relations between different factors that can affect performance. It does this by isolating one factor and changing it in order to observe any changes in outcome – thus allowing for easy identification of which variables have the most influence on results. Advantages include its simplicity, since only one input is changed at a time so there’s less risk of too many factors being manipulated simultaneously; however due to this same reason, it can take longer to complete as each test needs to be repeated multiple times with different inputs.
DOE, on the other hand, tests many factors at once to find out how they affect one another. The approach enables much quicker testing cycles, and also provides greater insight into complex interactions between elements. There is no room for guesswork in terms of results. It is difficult to properly implement due to the complexity of this approach and its need for additional resources.
In my opinion though I would lean towards using DOE when trying optimize business processes due its ability provide greater visibility into underlying interactions between various components much faster than OFAAT – thus making it easier identify areas that could use improvement while also potentially cutting down on long term costs associated with implementing new systems or protocols over time